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Journal of Cold Regions Engineering

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Select this Article		Investigation of the Stress‐Strain and Strength Behaviors of Ice Containing Methane Hydrate Yanghui Li, Honghua Zhao, Feng Yu, Yongchen Song, Weiguo Liu, Qingping Li, and Haiyuan Yao Journal of Cold Regions Engineering doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CR.1943-5495.0000044 Posted ahead of print 2 May 2012 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Mechanical properties and deformation behaviors of methane hydrate are important to assess the stability of gas hydrate reservoirs. In this study, using a high‐pressure and low‐temperature triaxial testing apparatus, the stress‐strain relationship and strength of ice containing methane hydrate were studied. The results showed that the strength increases with decrease of temperature, and the stress‐strain relationship showed an elasto‐plastic strain‐hardening behavior. When the confining pressure is less than 10MPa, the strength increases with confining pressure. Also, it decreases with further increases of confining pressure beyond 10MPa.

Select this Article		Vibration Reduction of Bucket Foundation Platform with Fixed Ice‐Breaking Cone in the Bohai Sea Sheng‐yong Wang and Qian‐jin Yue Journal of Cold Regions Engineering doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CR.1943-5495.0000042 Posted ahead of print 3 March 2012 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The bucket foundation platform is an important engineering design alternative in oil/gas field developments in the Bohai Sea due to its economic and structural characteristics. Severe ice‐induced vibrations were observed on the JZ9‐3E bucket foundation platform in the Bohai Sea due to the ice action against the riser. A fixed ice‐breaking cone was installed on the riser in order to reduce ice‐induced vibrations. The ice‐induced vibration response of the platform was observed and recorded. The observed data showed that the fixed ice‐breaking cone can reduce ice‐induced vibrations effectively.

Select this Article		Low‐Energy House in Arctic Climate — 5 Years of Experience P. Vladykova, C. Rode, J. Kragh, and M. Kotol Journal of Cold Regions Engineering doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CR.1943-5495.0000040 Posted ahead of print 24 October 2011 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The aim of this article is to present and disseminate the experience gained from a low‐energy house in Sisimiut, Greenland, over the 5 years of operation since its inauguration in April 2005. The house was designed to test and present new low‐energy technologies in the Arctic climate and to improve sustainability in Greenlandic buildings. The article presents some measurements, analyses and comparisons of theoretical simulations, and also some steps which were taken to improve the house with impacts on the energy consumption. The results include energy consumption, temperatures, and solar heating production. Also presented are the results of several investigations carried out in the house, such as blower‐door tests and inspection of the ventilation system. The initial target for the heating demand of the house was that it should be restricted to 80 kWh/(m²⋅a), but in reality it has varied over the past 5 years from 139 to 150 kWh/(m²⋅a). Currently the house is on the way to present a good energy solution, and the annual energy consumption for heating in 2010 was 90 kWh/m².

Select this Article		A Holistic Approach to Decision Making in the Formulation and Selection of Anti‐Icing Products Xianming Shi, Ph.D., P.E. and Michelle Akin, M.Sc. Journal of Cold Regions Engineering doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CR.1943-5495.0000039 Posted ahead of print 22 September 2011 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract To effectively fight snow storms in the challenging funding environment, many maintenance agencies in North America have started to produce their own anti‐icing liquids, instead of procuring commercial anti‐icers. This work demonstrates a systematic approach to collaborative, data‐driven and multi‐criteria decision‐making, by conducting a set of laboratory tests to assess twenty blended chloride‐based anti‐icing formulations. The laboratory data were then used to establish predictive models correlating the multiple design parameters with the anti‐icer performance and impacts or with an anti‐icer composite index. We used artificial neural networks for modeling and examined anti‐icer performance (characteristic temperature and ice‐melting capacity at 30°F and 15°F respectively) and impacts (splitting tensile strength of concrete after ten freeze‐thaw cycles and corrosivity to mild steel) as a function of the formulation design. The anti‐icer composite index was calculated for four different user priority scenarios (cost‐first, performance‐first, impacts‐first, or a balanced approach), each of which placed a different set of decision weights on various target attributes. Three‐dimensional response surfaces were then constructed to illustrate such predicted correlations and to guide the direction for formulation improvements.

Select this Article		Experimental Study on Carbon Fiber Tape Based Deicing Technology Ting Yang, Zhaohui “Joey” Yang, Mithun Singla, Gangbing Song, and Qiang Li Journal of Cold Regions Engineering doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CR.1943-5495.0000038 Posted ahead of print 17 September 2011 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract In cold regions, snow and ice cause serious safety problems to the transportation system. South central Alaska, particularly Anchorage, is susceptible to a number of icing events due to frequent freeze/thaw cycles in the winter season. Traditionally, deicing has been accomplished by mechanical, chemical and thermal methods. However, these methods cause problems such as damage to pavement, pollution in the environment, corrosion to vehicles and reinforcing steel in concrete, or being too expensive. A new type of roadway deicing system based on commercially available carbon fiber tape is proposed. This paper presents the design of a deicing heating panel, the layout and construction of the test sidewalk, experimental results and analyses, and cost comparison with other deicing systems. Experimental results including system performance, deicing time, energy consumption, deicing cost, and temperature variation with time and location are presented. The sensitivity of the deicing cost to ambient air temperature, wind chill and snow density is analyzed as well. Finally, this system is compared with other deicing systems in terms of annual operating cost, unit cost, power density and installation cost. The cost comparison shows that the present deicing system demonstrates higher energy efficiency and lower installation cost among the systems compared, and has great potential for applications in cold regions.

Journal of Cold Regions Engineering

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