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Journal of Geotechnical & Geoenvironmental Engineering / Volume 132 / Issue 7 / TECHNICAL PAPERS

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Stress-Controlled Filtration with Compressible Particles

J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 132, 861 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2006)132:7(861) (8 pages)

Julio R. Valdes1 and Shih-Hsun Liang2

1Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, San Diego State Univ., San Diego, CA 92182.
2Formerly, Graduate Research Assistant, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, San Diego State Univ., San Diego, CA 92182.

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(Submitted 20 July 2005; accepted 14 December 2005)

This paper documents a novel filtration technology that incorporates low-stiffness filter matrix particles. The application of isotropic stresses leads to the compression of particles and ensuing pore throat size reductions in the filter matrix. The filtration capacity of the matrix is improved with increasing confinement because the retention of filtrate particles increases due to particulate plugging and bridging on the reduced pore throats. Conversely, relaxing the applied stresses renders system expansion, increased pore throat sizes, and enhanced flushing of entrapped particles from the filter. Experimental results indicate that this technology is most efficient in cases where particle retention occurs due to geometrical constraints (i.e., bridging); however, the system can also render filtration by surface deposition due to the net electrical attraction between the filtrate and filter. Experimental results are analyzed by considering particle-scale filtration mechanisms.

© 2006 ASCE

Acknowledgments

This research project was sponsored by the National Science Foundation (award CMS-0511002) and the San Diego State University Research Foundation, whose support is greatly acknowledged. The writers are thankful to Dr. Carlos Santamarina for conceiving the idea of utilizing compressible particles for filtration control and acknowledge the helpful suggestions and comments offered by Roxana Smarandache and Fatih Buyuksonmez.

Article Outline

  1. Introduction
  2. Experimental Materials and Procedure
  3. Test Results
  4. Analyses
    1. Bridging—Geometric Size Ratios
    2. Surface Deposition—Particle Level Forces
    3. Flushing—Bridge Destabilization
      1. Changes in Pore Throat Size
      2. Concentration of Retained Particles
      3. Hydrodynamic Conditions
  5. Potential Applications
  6. Conclusions

KEYWORDS

ASCE SUBJECT HEADINGS

Clogging, Drainage, Filtration, Flushing, Rubber, Wastewater

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ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2006)132:7(861)

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

1090-0241 (print)  
1943-5606 (online)

Publisher

ASCE

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