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Journal of Hydraulic Engineering / Volume 132 / Issue 8 / TECHNICAL PAPERS

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Formation Processes and Configuration of Channel-Flow Dominated Alluvial Deltas by Numerical Simulation

J. Hydraul. Eng. 132, 825 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2006)132:8(825) (14 pages)

Chih-Ming Tseng1, Shaohua Marko Hsu2, and Chjeng-Lun Shieh3

1Assistant Professor, Dept. of Land Management and Development, Chang Jung Christian Univ., Tainan 711, Taiwan. E-mail: cmtseng@mail.cju.edu.tw
2Professor, Dept. of Water Resources Engineering, Feng Chia Univ., P.O. Box 25-123, Taichung 407, Taiwan (corresponding author). E-mail: shhsu@fcu.edu.tw
3Professor, Dept. of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering, Nat. Cheng Kung Univ., Tainan 701, Taiwan.

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(Submitted 19 March 2002; accepted 14 April 2005)

A horizontal two-dimensional mobile bed model for simulating the formation of river-dominated deltas in the river mouth or reservoir is presented, which is composed of shallow water equations, sediment transport formula, and a sediment continuity equation. Geometry similarity of river deltas during the processes of formation is discussed. Stability analysis and sensitivity analysis of parameters in the model are analyzed, which indicates that bed configuration is sensitive to the incipient-motion criteria of bed–load particles. The effect of gravity component on the initiation of sediment movement, therefore, is recommended to be considered in the modeling. The bed configuration including the reverse slope in the longitudinal profile and concave in the transverse profiles are correctly simulated with help from the correction of incipient-motion criteria. Simulation results are verified with a series of experiments and are consistent with series geometric functions and dimensionless profiles inducted from experimental data. This reflects the great reliability of the model. Historical topographical records of two typical in-land deltas depicting their earlier developmental stages are discussed to show the usefulness of this study.

© 2006 ASCE

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the National Science Council of the Republic of China under Grant Nos. NSC-91-2211-E-309-002, NSC-91-2745-E-309-001, and NSC-92-2745-E-309-001.

Article Outline

  1. Introduction
  2. Configuration of Alluvial Deltas
    1. Laboratory Scale
    2. Field Scale
    3. Yasu River Delta
    4. Hiikawa River Delta
  3. Mathematical Model
    1. Hydrodynamic Module
    2. Topographical Evolution Module
    3. Sediment Transport Module
  4. Numerical Simulation
    1. Numerical Scheme
    2. Boundary Conditions
      1. Initial Conditions
    3. Sensitivity Analysis
    4. Stability Analysis
    5. Computational Flowchart
    6. Computational Conditions
    7. Verification of Numerical Model
  5. Simulation Results and Discussion
    1. Effect of Steep Slope on Incipient Condition of Particles
    2. Development Process of River Deltas
    3. Variation of Shape Factor in Development of Deltas
  6. Verification of Geometric Similarity for Delta Morphology
  7. Conclusion

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ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2006)132:8(825)

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

0733-9429 (print)  
1943-7900 (online)

Publisher

ASCE

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