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Journal of Hydraulic Engineering / Volume 133 / Issue 11 / TECHNICAL PAPERS

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Generalized Approach for Clear-Water Scour at Bridge Foundation Elements

J. Hydraul. Eng. 133, 1229 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2007)133:11(1229) (12 pages)

Umesh C. Kothyari1, Willi H. Hager2, and Giuseppe Oliveto3

1Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee-247667, India; formerly, Visiting Professor, VAW, ETH Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
2Professor, VAW, ETH Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland (corresponding author). E-mail: hager@vaw.baug.ethz.ch
3Researcher, DIFA, Univ. of Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy.

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(Submitted 2 February 2006; accepted 8 May 2007)

Extensive studies on the temporal evolution of scour were recently conducted at Versuchsanstalt für Wasserbau, Hydrologie und Glaziologie VAW, ETH Zürich, Switzerland, along with a computational model for the scour depth estimation. The VAW scour data are revisited in the present study to present a further refinement. Additional experiments conducted on the scour entrainment at piers, at rectangular and sloping abutments, as well as at singular and multiple spur dikes are reported. A general criterion is proposed to determine the densimetric particle Froude number for scour entrainment. A new relationship for the temporal scour evolution at bridge foundation elements is then developed based on the similitude of Froude by relating the scour depth to the difference between the actual and the entrainment densimetric particle Froude numbers. The new relationship is validated by the complete VAW scour data set, and verified by the available literature data. The combination of sediment characteristics, approach flow velocity, and obstruction geometry leading to an end scour are identified and a relationship is proposed for determining the corresponding time scale. The limitations of the present work are outlined.

© 2007 ASCE

Acknowledgments

The first writer wishes to acknowledge the support from ETH Zürich for his academic stay at the VAW.

Article Outline

  1. Introduction
    1. Scour Advance
    2. Entrainment Condition
  2. Additional Experiments
  3. Generalized Relationship for Scour Depth Advance
    1. Conceptual Approach
    2. Relation for Fdβ
    3. Temporal Evolution of Maximum Scour Depth
    4. Condition for End Scour
  4. Experimental Results
    1. Pier Data
    2. Abutment Data
    3. Sloping Abutments
    4. Singular Spur Dikes
    5. Multiple Spurs
  5. Performance of Generalized Scour Equation
  6. Conclusions

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ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2007)133:11(1229)

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

0733-9429 (print)  
1943-7900 (online)

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ASCE

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