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Journal of Structural Engineering / Volume 137 / Issue 12 / TECHNICAL PAPERS

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Eliminating Shrinkage Effect from Moment Curvature and Tension Stiffening Relationships of Reinforced Concrete Members

J. Struct. Eng. 137, 1460 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000395 (10 pages)

Gintaris Kaklauskas1 and Viktor Gribniak2

1Professor, Head of Dept. of Bridges and Special Structures, Vilnius Gediminas Technical Univ., Sauletekio av. 11, LT-10223, Lithuania (corresponding author). E-mail: gintaris.kaklauskas@vgtu.lt
2Postdoctoral Fellow, Dept. of Strength of Materials, Researcher, Dept. of Bridges and Special Structures, Vilnius Gediminas Technical Univ., Sauletekio av. 11, LT-10223, Lithuania. E-mail: viktor.gribniak@vgtu.lt

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(Submitted 14 July 2010; accepted 16 February 2011; posted ahead of print 18 February 2011)

Experimental results on cracking and deformation behavior of RC members subjected to short-term loading are frequently misinterpreted because shrinkage effect is not taken into account. Even at first loading, free shrinkage strain of concrete may well exceed the cracking strain. The shrinkage strain, restrained by reinforcement, significantly affects the cracking resistance and short-term deformations of RC members. Despite this, most known constitutive laws were derived by using the test data of shrunk RC members under the influence of tension stiffening coupled with shrinkage effect. In this paper, a numerical procedure has been proposed for eliminating shrinkage from moment-curvature and tension-stiffening relationships. The procedure is on the basis of the smeared crack approach and layer section model. It combines direct and inverse techniques of analysis of RC members. The inverse technique, earlier proposed by the first writer, aims at deriving tension-stiffening stress-strain relationships from experimental moment-curvature diagrams. The shrinkage effect was eliminated by assuming in the direct technique a positive (expansion) free shrinkage strain. On the basis of the proposed procedure, free-of-shrinkage tension-stiffening and moment-curvature relationships were derived by using test data of shrunk RC beams obtained by the writers and reported by other investigators. It was shown that negative portions of the tension-stiffening curves disappear after eliminating shrinkage.

© 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers

Acknowledgments

The writers gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the Research Council of Lithuania (research project No. MIP-126/2010). The second writer also wishes to acknowledge the support by the Research Council of Lithuania for the Postdoctoral fellowship granted within the framework of the EU Structural Funds (project “Postdoctoral Fellowship Implementation in Lithuania”).

Article Outline

  1. Introduction
  2. Deformation Analysis of RC Flexural Members
    1. Approaches and Assumptions
    2. Strain in Concrete Attributable Shrinkage and Associated Creep
    3. Direct Technique: Moment-Curvature Analysis Taking into Account Shrinkage Effect
    4. Inverse Technique: Deriving Tension-Stiffening Relationships from RC Beam Tests
  3. Numerical Procedure for Eliminating Shrinkage
  4. Experimental Investigation
    1. Description of Test Beams
    2. Deriving Free-of-Shrinkage Moment-Curvature and Tension-Stiffening Relationships
  5. Concluding Remarks

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ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000395

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

0733-9445 (print)  
1943-541X (online)

Publisher

American Society of Civil Engineers

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