TECHNICAL PAPERS
Sep 1, 1995

Salinity and Water-Supply Reliability

Publication: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 121, Issue 5

Abstract

Water quality as well as quantity can be important in determining water-supply reliability. Saline ground water emissions in the upper watersheds of the Brazos and other major river basins in Texas and neighboring states contribute large salt loads to the rivers. Water management and use is severely constrained by the natural salt pollution. A modeling and analysis approach, using a generalized river/reservoir-system simulation model called RESSALT, was applied in an evaluation of the water-supply capabilities of a system of 12 reservoirs in the Brazos River Basin. The general evaluation methodology is also applicable to other river basins where salinity is of concern. Simulations with the RESSALT model combine a specified water-use scenario and associated system operating rules with sequences of adjusted historical monthly stream flows, evaporation rates, and salt loads for a simulation period of many years. Alternative water-use scenarios represent water use during a specified past year, projected future use, and hypothetical yields. Relationships between water demands, allowable salt concentrations, and reliabilities are developed for alternative modeling assumptions and management strategies including multiple-reservoir release policies and impoundment of runoff from primary salt-source areas.

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References

1.
Ganze, C. K., and Wurbs, R. A. (1989). Compilation and analysis of monthly salt loads and concentrations in the Brazos River Basin . U.S. Army Corps of Engrs., Fort Worth District, Fort Worth, Tex.
2.
James, W. P., and Mascianglioli, P. (1992). “Control of natural salt pollution in the upper Brazos River Basin.”Proc., 1992 Conf., American Water Resources Association, Texas Station, Irving, Tex., 46–53.
3.
Karama, A. S. (1993). “Analysis of reservoir system reliability constrained by natural salt pollution,” PhD dissertation, Texas A & M University, at College Station, Tex.
4.
McCrory, J. A. (1984). “Natural salt pollution control, Brazos River Basin, Texas.”Salinity in watercourses and reservoirs, R. H. French, ed., Buttersworth Publishers, Stoneham, Mass., 135–144.
5.
“Optimization of multiple-purpose reservoir system operations: A review of modeling and analysis approaches.” (1991). Research Document 34, U.S. Army Corps of Engrs., Hydrologic Engrg. Ctr., Davis, Calif.
6.
Saleh, I. (1993). “Synthesis of streamflow and salt loads,” MS thesis, Texas A & M University, at College Station, Tex.
7.
“Water for Texas, today and tomorrow.” (1990). GP-5-1, Texas Water Develop. Board, Austin, Tex.
8.
Wurbs, R. A., and Bergman, C. E.(1990). “Evaluation of factors affecting reservoir yield estimates.”J. Hydrol., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 112(1), 219–235.
9.
Wurbs, R. A., and Carriere, P. E. (1988). “Evaluation of storage reallocation and related strategies for optimizing reservoir system operations.”TR-145, Texas Water Resour. Inst., College Station, Tex.
10.
Wurbs, R. A., Bergman, C. E., Carriere, P. E., and Walls, W. B. (1988). “Hydrologic and institutional water availability in the Brazos River Basin.”TR-144, Texas Water Resour. Inst., College Station, Tex.
11.
Wurbs, R. A., and Carriere, P. E.(1990). “Management strategies for increasing reservoir yields.”Water Int., 15(3), 168–175.
12.
Wurbs, R. A., Karama, A. S., Saleh, I., and Ganze, C. K. (1993). “Natural salt pollution and water supply reliability in the Brazos River Basin.”TR-160, Texas Water Resour. Inst., College Station, Tex.

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Go to Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 121Issue 5September 1995
Pages: 352 - 358

History

Published online: Sep 1, 1995
Published in print: Sep 1995

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Authors

Affiliations

Ralph A. Wurbs
Assoc. Prof., Civ. Engrg. Dept., Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX 77843-3136.
Awes S. Karama
Civ. Engr., St. John River Water Mgmt. District, P.O. Box 1429, Palatka, FL 32178.

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