Metro-Related Transfers: A Review of Recent Literature
Publication: Journal of Urban Planning and Development
Volume 148, Issue 3
Abstract
Metros constitute an important form of public transport in large cities throughout the world. Because metro transport encompasses long distances and large areas, many metro passengers must transfer to other transport modes to complete their journeys. This paper will review the recent literature on metro-related transfers and will summarize and discuss the key findings and issues regarding transfers between metros and other transport modes. A considerable number of studies in different countries have explored transfer behavior, the influencing factors that are related to metro-related transfers, and travelers’ perceptions of and satisfaction with these transfers. The paper will discuss the characteristics of travel behavior that is associated with metro-related transfers and could provide important implications to improve travelers’ perceptions of and satisfaction with these transfers. In addition, it will offer recommendations on aspects of the built environment that could facilitate transfers between metros and other travel modes. The paper could provide policy guidance for the integration of public transit and active and private transport and could be valuable in directing future research in this field.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
An, D., X. Tong, K. Liu, and E. H. W. Chan. 2019. “Understanding the impact of built environment on metro ridership using open source in Shanghai.” Cities 93: 177–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2019.05.013.
Bivina, G. R., A. Gupta, and M. Parida. 2019. “Influence of microscale environmental factors on perceived walk accessibility to metro stations.” Transp. Res. Part D Transp. Environ. 67: 142–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2018.11.007.
Bivina, G. R., A. Gupta, and M. Parida. 2020. “Walk accessibility to metro stations: An analysis based on meso- or microscale built environment factors.” Sustainable Cities Soc. 55: 102047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102047.
Bobylev, N. 2016. “Transitions to a high density urban underground space.” Procedia Eng. 165: 184–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.11.750.
Bobylev, N., D. V. L. Hunt, I. F. Jefferson, and C. D. F. Rogers. 2012. “Sustainable infrastructure for resilient urban environments.” In Paper presented at the 13th World Conf., of the Associated Research Centers for the Urban Underground Space, 906–917. Singapore: Research Publishing.
Chen, L., A. J. Pel, X. Chen, D. Sparing, and I. A. Hansen. 2012. “Determinants of bicycle transfer demand at metro stations: Analysis of stations in Nanjing, China.” Transp. Res. Rec. 2276 (1): 131–137. https://doi.org/10.3141/2276-16.
Cheng, Y.-H., and Y.-C. Lin. 2018. “Expanding the effect of metro station service coverage by incorporating a public bicycle sharing system.” Int. J. Sustainable Transp. 12 (4): 241–252. https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2017.1347219.
Cheng, Y.-H., and W.-C. Tseng. 2016. “Exploring the effects of perceived values, free bus transfer, and penalties on intermodal metro–bus transfer users” intention.” Transp. Policy 47: 127–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2016.01.001.
Cherry, T., and C. Townsend. 2012. “Assessment of potential improvements to metro–bus transfers in Bangkok, Thailand.” Transp. Res. Rec. 2276 (1): 116–122. https://doi.org/10.3141/2276-14.
Cui, J., W. Broere, and D. Lin. 2021. “Underground space utilisation for urban renewal.” Tunnelling Underground Space Technol. 108: 103726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2020.103726.
Cui, J., and J. D. Nelson. 2019. “Underground transport: An overview.” Tunnelling Underground Space Technol. 87: 122–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2019.01.003.
Gan, H., and X. Ye. 2018. “Will commute drivers switch to park-and-ride under the influence of multimodal traveler information? A stated preference investigation.” Transp. Res. Part F Psychol. Behav. 56: 354–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2018.05.015.
Guo, Y., and S. Y. He. 2020. “Built environment effects on the integration of dockless bikesharing and the metro.” Transp. Res. Part D Transp. Environ. 83: 102335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2020.102335.
Guo, Z., and N. H. M. Wilson. 2007. “Modeling effects of transit system transfers on travel behavior.” Transp. Res. Rec. 2006 (1): 11–20. https://doi.org/10.3141/2006-02.
Guo, Z., and N. H. M. Wilson. 2011. “Assessing the cost of transfer inconvenience in public transport systems: A case study of the London underground.” Transp. Res. Part A Policy Pract. 45 (2): 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2010.11.002.
ITA (International Tunnelling Association). 2004. “Underground or aboveground? Making the choice for urban mass transit systems: A report by the International Tunnelling Association (ITA). Prepared by Working Group Number 13 (WG13). ‘Direct and indirect advantages of underground structures’.” Tunnelling Underground Space Technol. 19: 3–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0886-7798(03)00104-4.
Ji, X., C. Shao, X. Shen, and Y. Zhao. 2013. “Study of the effectiveness of metro transfer system in Beijing based on the result of SP survey.” Appl. Mech. Mater. 253–255: 1988–1994.
Ji, Y., X. Ma, M. Yang, Y. Jin, and L. Gao. 2018. “Exploring spatially varying influences on metro-bikeshare transfer: A geographically weighted Poisson regression approach.” Sustainability 10 (5): 1526. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10051526.
Kim, C., S. Kim, H. Kang, and S.-M. Song. 2017. “What makes urban transportation efficient? Evidence from subway transfer stations in Korea.” Sustainability 9 (11): 2054. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9112054.
Lee, E. H., H. Lee, S.-Y. Kho, and D.-K. Kim. 2019. “Evaluation of transfer efficiency between bus and subway based on data envelopment analysis using smart card data.” KSCE J. Civ. Eng. 23 (2): 788–799. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-018-0218-0.
Li, L., S. Wang, M. Li, and J. Tan. 2018. “Comparison of travel mode choice between taxi and subway regarding traveling convenience.” Tsinghua Sci. Technol. 23 (2): 135–144. https://doi.org/10.26599/TST.2018.9010059.
Li, X., M. Du, and J. Yang. 2020. “Factors influencing the access duration of free-floating bike sharing as a feeder mode to the metro in Shenzhen.” J. Cleaner Prod. 277: 123273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123273.
Lin, D., Y. Zhang, R. Zhu, and L. Meng. 2019. “The analysis of catchment areas of metro stations using trajectory data generated by dockless shared bikes.” Sustainable Cities Soc. 49: 101598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2019.101598.
Lin, J.-J., and T.-Y. Shin. 2008. “Does transit-oriented development affect metro ridership? Evidence from Taipei, Taiwan.” Transp. Res. Rec. 2063 (1): 149–158. https://doi.org/10.3141/2063-18.
Lin, J.-J., P. Zhao, K. Takada, S. Li, T. Yai, and C.-H. Chen. 2018. “Built environment and public bike usage for metro access: A comparison of neighborhoods in Beijing, Taipei, and Tokyo.” Transp. Res. Part D Transp. Environ. 63: 209–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2018.05.007.
Liu, X., M. Yun, Z. Chen, and X. Yang. 2012. “Investigation, analysis, and modeling of choice behavior of park and ride.” In Paper presented at the 12th Int. Conf., of Transportation: Multimodal Transportation Systems—Convenient, Safe, Cost-Effective, Efficient, edited by C. Fang, H. Wei, Y. Wang, and J. Zhang, 1643–1651. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Liu, Y., Y. Ji, T. Feng, and H. Timmermans. 2020. “Understanding the determinants of young commuters’ metro-bikeshare usage frequency using big data.” Travel Behav. Soc. 21: 121–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tbs.2020.06.007.
Ma, X., Y. Ji, M. Yang, Y. Jin, and X. Tan. 2018. “Understanding bikeshare mode as a feeder to metro by isolating metrobikeshare transfers from smart card data.” Transp. Policy 71: 57–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2018.07.008.
Mahmoud, M. S., K. N. Habib, and A. Shalaby. 2014. “Park-and-ride access station choice model for cross-regional commuting: Case study of Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area, Canada.” Transp. Res. Rec. 2419 (1): 92–100. https://doi.org/10.3141/2419-09.
Navarrete, F. J., and J. de Dios Ortuzar. 2013. “Subjective valuation of the transit transfer experience: The case of Santiago de Chile.” Transp. Policy 25: 138–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2012.10.006.
Ni, Y., and J. Chen. 2020. “Exploring the effects of the built environment on two transfer modes for metros: Dockless bike sharing and taxis.” Sustainability 12 (5): 2034. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12052034.
Pineda, C., and B. Lira. 2019. “Travel time savings perception and well-being through public transport projects: The case of Metro de Santiago.” Urban Sci. 3 (1): 35. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci3010035.
Raveau, S., Z. Guo, J. C. Muñoz, and N. H. M. Wilson. 2014. “A behavioural comparison of route choice on metro networks: Time, transfers, crowding, topology and socio-demographics.” Transp. Res. Part A Policy Pract. 66: 185–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2014.05.010.
Richer, C., E. Come, M. K. E. Mahrsi, and L. Oukhellou. 2019. “Intermodal mobility analysis with smart-card data. Spatio-temporal analysis of the bus-metro network of Renne's metropole.” Cybergeo: Eur. J. Geogr. 854: 33189.
Sadhukhan, S., U. K. Banerjee, and B. Maitra. 2015. “Commuters” perception towards transfer facility attributes in and around metro stations: Experience in Kolkata.” J. Urban Plann. Dev. 141 (4): 04014038. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000243.
Sadhukhan, S., U. K. Banerjee, and B. Maitra. 2018. “Preference heterogeneity towards the importance of transfer facility attributes at metro stations in Kolkata.” Travel Behav. Soc. 12: 72–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tbs.2017.05.001.
Sun, G., J. Zacharias, B. Ma, and N. M. Oreskovic. 2016. “How do metro stations integrate with walking environments? Results from walking access within three types of built environment in Beijing.” Cities 56: 91–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2016.03.001.
Transport Department, The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. 2020. “Railways. Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.” Accessed October 20, 2020. https://www.td.gov.hk/en/transport_in_hong_kong/public_transport/railways/index.html.
Transport of London. 2020. “TFL Journeys by type.” Accessed October 11, 2020. https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/public-transport-journeys-type-transport
UITP (Union Internationale des Transports Publics). 2018. “World metro figures 2018.” Accessed December 15, 2020. https://cms.uitp.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Statistics-Brief-World-metro-figures-2018V3_WEB.pdf.
Volchko, Y., J. Norrman, L. O. Ericsson, K. L. Nilsson, A. Markstedt, M. Öberg, F. Mossmark, N. Bobylev, and P. Tengborg. 2020. “Subsurface planning: Towards a common understanding of the subsurface as a multifunctional resource.” Land Use Policy 90: 104316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104316.
Wu, J., M. Yang, S. Sun, and J. Zhao. 2018. “Modeling travel mode choices in connection to metro stations by mixed logit models: A case study in Nanjing, China.” PROMET – Traffic Transp. 30 (5): 549–561. https://doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v30i5.2623.
Wu, S.-s., Y. Zhuang, J. Chen, W. Wang, Y. Bai, and S.-m. Lo. 2019a. “Rethinking bus-to-metro accessibility in new town development: Case studies in Shanghai.” Cities 94: 211–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2019.06.010.
Wu, X., Y. Lu, Y. Lin, and Y. Yang. 2019b. “Measuring the destination accessibility of cycling transfer trips in metro station areas: A big data approach.” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 16 (15): 2641. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16152641.
Yang, M., J. Zhao, W. Wang, Z. Liu, and Z. Li. 2015. “Metro commuters’ satisfaction in multi-type access and egress transferring groups.” Transp. Res. Part D Transp. Environ. 34: 179–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2014.11.004.
Ye, J., J. Chen, H. Bai, and Y. Yue. 2018. “Analyzing transfer commuting attitudes using a market segmentation approach.” Sustainability 10 (7): 2194. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072194.
Zhao, D., W. Wang, C. Li, Y. Ji, X. Hu, and W. Wang. 2019. “Recognizing metro-bus transfers from smart card data.” Transp. Plann. Technol. 42 (1): 70–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/03081060.2018.1541283.
Zhao, J., W. Deng, Y. Song, and Y. Zhu. 2013. “What influences metro station ridership in China? Insights from Nanjing.” Cities 35: 114–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2013.07.002.
Zhao, P., and S. Li. 2017. “Bicycle-metro integration in a growing city: The determinants of cycling as a transfer mode in metro station areas in Beijing.” Transp. Res. Part A Policy Pract. 99: 46–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2017.03.003.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Urban Planning and Development
Volume 148 • Issue 3 • September 2022
Copyright
© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 19, 2021
Accepted: Mar 15, 2022
Published online: May 12, 2022
Published in print: Sep 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Oct 12, 2022
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.
Cited by
- Zhongzhong Zeng, Meizhu Wang, Xiayuanshan Gao, Na Wang, Exploring Passenger Satisfaction in Multimodal Railway Hubs: A Social Media-Based Analysis of Travel Behavior in China’s Major Rail Stations, Sustainability, 10.3390/su16124881, 16, 12, (4881), (2024).
- Cristina Manget, Fernando Merino Martínez, Sonia Adelé, Transfers Perception Influence on Public Transport Route Choice, Proceedings of the European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics 2024, 10.1145/3673805.3673809, (1-7), (2024).
- Wei-Xi Wang, Fang-Le Peng, Chen-Xiao Ma, Yun-Hao Dong, Identifying implementation-oriented models of urban underground space development in China based on fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 10.1016/j.tust.2024.106007, 153, (106007), (2024).
- Rimpi Baro, K. V. Krishna Rao, Nagendra R. Velaga, Exploring travel wellbeing and quality of life interaction among commuters in a heterogeneous urban region, Transportation, 10.1007/s11116-024-10573-7, (2024).
- Danilo S. Furundžić, Nebojša Bojović, The Potential of Underground Spaces Around Metro Stations as a Form of Special Urban Forms, Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the Associated Research Centers for the Urban Underground Space, 10.1007/978-981-97-1257-1_4, (25-31), (2024).
- Xiang Li, Qipeng Yan, Yafeng Ma, Chen Luo, Spatially Varying Impacts of Built Environment on Transfer Ridership of Metro and Bus Systems, Sustainability, 10.3390/su15107891, 15, 10, (7891), (2023).
- Anita R. Rakhmatulloh, Diah I. K. Dewi, Endah K. Syahri, Spatial Entropy Model for the Impact Assessment of Built Environment on Urban Street Design, IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 10.1088/1755-1315/1264/1/012047, 1264, 1, (012047), (2023).
- Linchuan Yang, Yuan Liang, Baojie He, Hongtai Yang, Dong Lin, COVID-19 moderates the association between to-metro and by-metro accessibility and house prices, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 10.1016/j.trd.2022.103571, 114, (103571), (2023).
- Manaswinee Kar, Shubhajit Sadhukhan, Manoranjan Parida, Measuring heterogeneity in perceived satisfaction of private vehicle users towards attributes affecting access to metro stations: A case study of Delhi, Case Studies on Transport Policy, 10.1016/j.cstp.2022.07.009, 10, 3, (1790-1803), (2022).