Congestion Analysis for Construction Site Layout Planning using Real-Time Data and Cell-Based Simulation Model

Simulation models are typically developed for construction operations to maximize output of resources and minimize operational cost. Traditional simulation methods deal with development of activity cycle diagrams based on key activities in construction operations. These methods do not consider spatial constraints at the site directly. As a result, spatial conflicts occur and desired output level is not achieved. Congestion analysis in construction site layout planning depends upon such spatial constraints and movement of resources inside the site. This research implements a cell-based simulation model with spatial consideration for construction site layout planning. The objective of this research is to incorporate congestion analysis into simulation process to improve construction site layout plan. A case study is done involving cyclic earthmoving operation. Location data from moving equipment is collected using Global Positioning System for accurate spatial reference. Real data from site is fed into the simulation model for realistic representation of the operation. A cell-based continuous simulation model is developed for visualizing congestion. A new method for quantifying congestion is proposed. This method will help decision-makers in developing a site layout plan based on movement of resources. The potential for congestion can be determined before implementing a layout onto the site. It will aid in comparing alternative site layout plans and provide insight on consequences of varying the number of resources on site congestion. It will also serve as a training and educational tool for construction managers.